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From the Ed’s desk

1. https://www.jcu.edu.au/news/releases/2023/march/mindfulness-can-help-diabetes-sufferers
2. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jicm.2022.0586

 Endometriosis may increase the risk of gestational diabetes

1. Salmeri, N., Li Piani, L., Cavoretto, P.I. et al. Endometriosis increases the risk of gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis stratified by mode of conception, disease localization and severity. Sci Rep 13, 8099 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35236-y
2. Bosdou JK, Anagnostis P, Goulis DG, Lainas GT, Tarlatzis BC, Grimbizis GF, et al. Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in women achieving singleton pregnancy spontaneously or after ART: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update [Internet]. 2020 Jun 18 [cited 2021 Mar 21];26(4):514–44. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article/26/4/514/5841325
3. 3.Vanni VS, Villanacci R, Salmeri N, Papaleo E, Delprato D, Ottolina J, et al. Concomitant autoimmunity may be a predictor of more severe stages of endometriosis. Scientific Reports. 2021 Jul 28;11(1).

Exercise and T2D Prevention

1. Luo M, Yu C, Del Pozo Cruz B, et al. Accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity, genetic risk and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine Published Online First: 05 June 2023. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106653
2. UK Biobank. UK Biobank [Internet]. Ukbiobank.ac.uk. UK Biobank; 2019. Available from: https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/
3. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/moderate-and-vigorous-physical-activity/

Embryonic vitamin D deficiency programs haematopoietic stem cells to induce T2D

1. Oh J, Riek AE, Bauerle KT, Dusso A, McNerney KP, Barve RA, et al. Embryonic vitamin D deficiency programs hematopoietic stem cells to induce type 2 diabetes. Nature Communications [Internet]. 2023 Jun 13;14(1):3278. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38849-z
2. Savastio S, Cadario F, Beux S, Giorgis A, Genoni G, Bagnati M, et al. Vitamin D and Type I Diabetes. The Open Rheumatology Journal [Internet]. 2018 Dec 27;12(1). Available from: https://openrheumatologyjournal.com/VOLUME/12/PAGE/289/FULLTEXT/#r2
3. Farahmand MA, Daneshzad E, Fung TT, Zahidi F, Muhammadi M, Bellissimo N, et al. What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails. BMC Endocrine Disorders. 2023 Jan 16;23(1).
4. Vondra K, Hampl R. Vitamin D and new insights into pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2021 Mar 1;42(2):203-208. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0055. PMID: 33655734.

First Cellular Therapy to Treat T1D

1. Administration USF and D. FDA Approves First Cellular Therapy to Treat Patients with Type 1 Diabetes [Internet]. www.prnewswire.com. [cited 2023 Jul 19]. Available from: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fda-approves-first-cellular-therapy-to-treat-patients-with-type-1-diabetes-301866374.html
2. McNamee A. Lantidra wins FDA approval as first-ever type 1 diabetes cell therapy [Internet]. Pharmaceutical Technology. 2023 [cited 2023 Jul 19]. Available from: https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/lantidra-wins-fda-approval-as-first-ever-type-1-diabetes-cell-therapy/#:~:text=The%20therapy%20works%20by%20essentially
3. https://www.fda.gov/media/169920/download (Package Insert for Lantidra)
4. New Type 1 Diabetes Treatment Eliminates Need for Insulin [Internet]. Verywell Health. [cited 2023 Jul 19]. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/fda-approves-lantidra-to-treat-type-1-diabetes-7559545#citation-3

New plant-based pro-insulin offers hope for oral T1D therapy

1. Kumar V, Choudhry I, Namdev A, Mishra S, Soni S, Hurkat P, et al. Oral Insulin: Myth or Reality. Current Diabetes Reviews. 2018 Oct 10;14(6):497–508.
2. Daniell H, Singh R, Mangu V, Nair SK, Wakade G, Balashova N. Affordable oral proinsulin bioencapsulated in plant cells regulates blood sugar levels similar to natural insulin. Biomaterials [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2023 Jun 15];298:122142. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142961223001503?via%3Dihub

p10-16 Beyond Type 1 & Type 2: The less familiar types of diabetes 

1. Diabetes: Australian facts, All diabetes [Internet]. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2023. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/diabetes/diabetes/contents/how-common-is-diabetes/all-diabetes
2. Organization WH. Classification of diabetes mellitus [Internet]. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/325182 2
3. Fourlanos, S., Dotta, F., Greenbaum, C. J., Palmer, J. P., Rolandsson, O., Colman, P. G., & Harrison, L. C. (2005). Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) should be less latent. Diabetologia, 48(11), 2206–2212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-005-1960-7
4. Buzzetti, R., Zampetti, S., & Maddaloni, E. (2017). Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current knowledge and implications for management. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 13(11), 674–686. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.99
5. Leslie, R. D., Palmer, J., Schloot, N. C., & Lernmark, A. (2016). Diabetes at the crossroads: relevance of disease classification to pathophysiology and treatment. Diabetologia, 59(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-015-3789-z
6. Davis, T. M., Wright, A. D., Mehta, Z. M., Cull, C. A., Stratton, I. M., Bottazzo, G. F., Bosi, E., Mackay, I. R., & Holman, R. R. (2005). Islet autoantibodies in clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes: prevalence and relationship with metabolic control (UKPDS 70). Diabetologia, 48(4), 695–702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-005-1690-x
7. Davis, W. A., Peters, K. E., Makepeace, A., Griffiths, S., Bundell, C., Grant, S. F. A., Ellard, S., Hattersley, A. T., Paul Chubb, S. A., Bruce, D. G., & Davis, T. M. E. (2018). Prevalence of diabetes in Australia: insights from the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II. Internal medicine journal, 48(7), 803–809. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13792
8. Fourlanos, S., Perry, C., Stein, M. S., Stankovich, J., Harrison, L. C., & Colman, P. G. (2006). A clinical screening tool identifies autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes care, 29(5), 970–975. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.295970
9. Turner, R., Stratton, I., Horton, V., Manley, S., Zimmet, P., Mackay, I. R., Shattock, M., Bottazzo, G. F., & Holman, R. (1997). UKPDS 25: autoantibodies to islet-cell cytoplasm and glutamic acid decarboxylase for prediction of insulin requirement in type 2 diabetes. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Lancet (London, England), 350(9087), 1288–1293. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(97)03062-6
10. Buzzetti, R., Tuomi, T., Mauricio, D., Pietropaolo, M., Zhou, Z., Pozzilli, P., & Leslie, R. D. (2020). Management of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Consensus Statement From an International Expert Panel. Diabetes, 69(10), 2037–2047. https://doi.org/10.2337/dbi20-0017
11. Brophy, S., Brunt, H., Davies, H., Mannan, S., & Williams, R. (2007). Interventions for latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (3), CD006165. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006165.pub2
12. Gudipaty, Lalitha. Rickels, Michael R. (2015). Pancreatogenic (Type 3c) Diabetes. Pancreapedia: Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base, DOI: 10.3998/panc.2015.35
13. Trang, T., Chan, J., & Graham, D. Y. (2014). Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in the 21(st) century. World journal of gastroenterology, 20(33), 11467–11485. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11467
14. Hart, P. A., Bellin, M. D., Andersen, D. K., Bradley, D., Cruz-Monserrate, Z., Forsmark, C. E., Goodarzi, M. O., Habtezion, A., Korc, M., Kudva, Y. C., Pandol, S. J., Yadav, D., Chari, S. T., & Consortium for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer(CPDPC) (2016). Type 3c (pancreatogenic) diabetes mellitus secondary to chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 1(3), 226–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30106-6
15. Tang, H., Dong, X., Hassan, M., Abbruzzese, J. L., & Li, D. (2011). Body mass index and obesity- and diabetes-associated genotypes and risk for pancreatic cancer. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, 20(5), 779–792. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0845
16. Wang, F., Herrington, M., Larsson, J., & Permert, J. (2003). The relationship between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Molecular cancer, 2, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-4598-2-4
17. Hwangbo, Y., & Lee, E. K. (2017). Acute Hyperglycemia Associated with Anti-Cancer Medication. Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 32(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.1.23
18. Luna, B., & Feinglos, M. N. (2001). Drug-induced hyperglycemia. JAMA, 286(16), 1945–1948.   https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.16.1945
19. Li, J. X., & Cummins, C. L. (2022). Fresh insights into glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus and new therapeutic directions. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 18(9), 540–557. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-022-00683-6
20. Barroso-Sousa, R., Barry, W. T., Garrido-Castro, A. C., Hodi, F. S., Min, L., Krop, I. E., & Tolaney, S. M. (2018). Incidence of Endocrine Dysfunction Following the Use of Different Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA oncology, 4(2), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3064
21. Wu, L., Tsang, V. H. M., Sasson, S. C., Menzies, A. M., Carlino, M. S., Brown, D. A., Clifton-Bligh, R., & Gunton, J. E. (2021). Unravelling Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Autoimmune Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside. Frontiers in endocrinology, 12, 764138. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.764138
22. Zhan, L., Feng, H. F., Liu, H. Q., Guo, L. T., Chen, C., Yao, X. L., & Sun, S. R. (2021). Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management. Frontiers in endocrinology, 12, 649863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.649863
23. Perdigoto, A. L., Quandt, Z., Anderson, M., & Herold, K. C. (2019). Checkpoint inhibitor-induced insulin-dependent diabetes: an emerging syndrome. The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 7(6), 421–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30072-5
24. Zhang H, Colclough K, Gloyn AL, Pollin TI. Monogenic diabetes: a gateway to precision medicine in diabetes. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2021 Feb 1;131(3).
25. Sjöholm Å. Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Series. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2019 Oct 16;10.

p18-20 Living Guidelines: Medication for blood glucose management in adults with T2D

To view the full guidelines visit https://www.diabetessociety.com.au/living-evidence-guidelines-in-diabetes/

1. https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.magicapp.org/guideline/705211aa-4ad3-4d32-9f2c-2e71b0328696/files/NMA_results_with_placeholder_22_07_2020_amended_r268277.pdf

p22-25 Type 1 diabetes: Natural history and prevention

1. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, Bannuru RR, Brown FM, Bruemmer D, et al. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(Suppl 1):S19-s40.
2. Diabetes data snapshots – NDSS [Internet]. www.ndss.com.au. Available from: https://www.ndss.com.au/about-diabetes/diabetes-facts-and-figures/diabetes-data-snapshots/
3. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Diabetes: Australian facts, Summary [Internet]. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2022. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/diabetes/diabetes/contents/summary
4. International Diabetes Federation (IDF). IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition (2021) Available at www.diabetesatlas.org Accessed 14 May 2023.
5. Haynes A, Bulsara MK, Bergman P, Cameron F, Couper J, Craig ME, et al. Incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0 to 14 year olds in Australia from 2002 to 2017. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(5):707-12.
6. Redondo MJ, Steck AK, Pugliese A. Genetics of type 1 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes. 2018;19(3):346-53.
7. Rewers M, Ludvigsson J. Environmental risk factors for type 1 diabetes. Lancet. 2016;387(10035):2340-8.
8. The Teddy Study Group. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study: study design. Pediatric Diabetes. 2007;8(5):286-98.
9. Ziegler AG, Rewers M, Simell O, Simell T, Lempainen J, Steck A, et al. Seroconversion to Multiple Islet Autoantibodies and Risk of Progression to Diabetes in Children. JAMA. 2013;309(23):2473-9.
10. Insel RA, Dunne JL, Atkinson MA, Chiang JL, Dabelea D, Gottlieb PA, et al. Staging Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: A Scientific Statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(10):1964-74.
11. POInT study | GPPAD [Internet]. www.gppad.org. [cited 2023 Jun 5]. Available from: https://www.gppad.org/en/point-study/
12. Provention Bio, Inc. A Phase 1, First-in-Human, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multiple-Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of PRV-101, a Coxsackie Virus B (CVB) Vaccine, in Healthy Adult Subjects [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. 2022 [cited 2023 Jun 5]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04690426 (
13. Ziegler AG, Arnolds S, Kölln A, Achenbach P, Berner R, Bonifacio E, et al. Supplementation with Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis EVC001 for mitigation of type 1 diabetes autoimmunity: the GPPAD-SINT1A randomised controlled trial protocol. BMJ open [Internet]. 2021 Nov 9 [cited 2023 Jun 5];11(11):e052449. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34753762/
14. Herold KC, Bundy BN, Long SA, Bluestone JA, DiMeglio LA, Dufort MJ, et al. An Anti-CD3 Antibody, Teplizumab, in Relatives at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes. 2019;0(0):null.
15. Waibel M, Thomas HE, Wentworth JM, Couper JJ, MacIsaac RJ, Cameron FJ, et al. Investigating the efficacy of baricitinib in new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (BANDIT)-study protocol for a phase 2, randomized, placebo controlled trial. Trials. 2022;23(1):433.
16. Medical University of Graz, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Multi-centre Trial in Adult Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Investigating the Effect of Verapamil SR on Preservation of Beta-cell Function (Ver-A-T1D) [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. 2022 [cited 2023 Jun 5]. Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04545151
17. Wilhelm-Benartzi CS, Miller SE, Bruggraber S, et al Study protocol: Minimum effective low dose: anti-human thymocyte globulin (MELD-ATG): phase II, dose ranging, efficacy study of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) within 6 weeks of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. BMJ Open 2021;11:e053669. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053669
18. Forlenza GP, McVean J, Beck RW, Bauza C, Bailey R, Buckingham B, et al. Effect of Verapamil on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA [Internet]. 2023 Mar 28;329(12):990–9. Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2801974
19. Type1Screen – Screening for Type 1 Diabetes [Internet]. Available from: https://type1screen.org/
20. Type 1 Diabetes National Screening Pilot [Internet]. www.kidsdiabetesscreen.com.au. [cited 2023 Jun 5]. Available from: https://www.kidsdiabetesscreen.com.au/
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p26 – 29 PCOS & Diabetes: an overview of revised guidelines

1. Norman RJ, Dewailly D, Legro RS, Hickey TE. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Lancet. 2007;370(9588):685-97.
2. March WA, Moore VM, Willson KJ, Phillips DIW, Norman RJ, Davies MJ. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a community sample assessed under contrasting diagnostic criteria. Human Reproduction. 2010;25(2):544-51.
3. Gilbert E, Avery J, Bartlett R, Campbell S, Joham A, Rumbold A, et al. The Prevalence of Clinical Characteristics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Indigenous Women: A Systematic Search and Review of the Literature. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine. 2021;39(3-4):78-93.
4. Gibson-Helm M, Teede H, Dunaif A, Dokras A. Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2017;102(2):604-12.
5. Day F, Karaderi T, Jones MR, Meun C, He C, Drong A, et al. Large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome suggests shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria. PLoS genetics. 2018;14(12):e1007813.
6. Tosi F, Bonora E, Moghetti P. Insulin resistance in a large cohort of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparison between euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp and surrogate indexes. Human reproduction (Oxford, England). 2017;32(12):2515-21.
7. Stepto NK, Cassar S, Joham AE, Hutchison SK, Harrison CL, Goldstein RF, et al. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have intrinsic insulin resistance on euglycaemic-hyperinsulaemic clamp. Human reproduction (Oxford, England). 2013;28(3):777-84.
8. Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report. Fertility and sterility. 2009;91(2):456-88.
9. Spritzer PM, Barone CR, Oliveira FB. Hirsutism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Management. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(36):5603-13.
10. Cassar S, Misso ML, Hopkins WG, Shaw CS, Teede HJ, Stepto NK. Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of euglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamp studies. Human Reproduction. 2016;31(11):2619-31.
11. Naderpoor N, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ. Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome. Minerva endocrinologica. 2015;40(1):37-51.
12. Technical Report for the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Copyright Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 2023 [
13. D'Arpe S, Di Feliciantonio M, Candelieri M, Franceschetti S, Piccioni MG, Bastianelli C. Ovarian function during hormonal contraception assessed by endocrine and sonographic markers: a systematic review. Reprod Biomed Online. 2016;33(4):436-48.
14. Bayona A, Martínez-Vaello V, Zamora J, Nattero-Chávez L, Luque-Ramírez M, Escobar-Morreale HF. Prevalence of PCOS and related hyperandrogenic traits in premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2022;28(4):501-17.
15. Long C, Feng H, Duan W, Chen X, Zhao Y, Lan Y, et al. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2022;13:980405.
16. Long C, Feng H, Duan W, Chen X, Zhao Y, Lan Y, et al. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2022;13.
17. Samaras K, McElduff A, Twigg SM, Proietto J, Prins JB, Welborn TA, et al. Insulin levels in insulin resistance: phantom of the metabolic opera? The Medical journal of Australia. 2006;185(3):159-61.
18. Haas DA, Carr BR, Attia GR. Effects of metformin on body mass index, menstrual cyclicity, and ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and sterility. 2003;79(3):469-81.
19. Fontes AFS, Reis FM, Cândido AL, Gomes KB, Tosatti JAG. Influence of metformin on hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2023;79(4):445-60.
20. Khattab R, Albannawi M, Alhajjmohammed D, Alkubaish Z, Althani R, Altheeb L, et al. Metformin-Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus' Patients: A Systematic Review. Current Diabetes Reviews. 2023;19(4):1-10.
21. Bednarz K, Kowalczyk K, Cwynar M, Czapla D, Czarkowski W, Kmita D, et al. The Role of Glp-1 Receptor Agonists in Insulin Resistance with Concomitant Obesity Treatment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. International journal of molecular sciences. 2022;23(8).
22. Glendining KA, Campbell RE. Recent advances in emerging PCOS therapies. Current Opinion in Pharmacology. 2023;68.
23. Novo Nordisk Inc. D. Ozempic (semaglutide) Consumer Medicine Information 12/2017 [cited 06/06/2023]. [cited 06/06/2023]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/209637lbl.pdf.
24. Hu L, Ma L, Xia X, Ying T, Zhou M, Zou S, et al. Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Women With Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2022;107(8):e3217-e29.
25. Benito E, Gómez-Martin JM, Vega-Piñero B, Priego P, Galindo J, Escobar-Morreale HF, et al. Fertility and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Following Bariatric Surgery. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2020;105(9).
26. Butterworth J, Deguara J, Borg CM. Bariatric Surgery, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Infertility. Journal of obesity. 2016;2016:1871594.
27. Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation. AskPCOS https://www.askpcos.org/ 2023 [Available from: https://www.askpcos.org/

p32-34 Mediterranean diet & Type 2 diabetes

1. O'Hearn M, Lara-Castor L, Cudhea F, Miller V, Reedy J, Shi P, Zhang J, Wong JB, Economos CD, Micha R, Mozaffarian D; Global Dietary Database. Incident type 2 diabetes attributable to suboptimal diet in 184 countries. Nat Med. 2023 Apr;29(4):982-995. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02278-8. Epub 2023 Apr 17. PMID: 37069363; PMCID: PMC10115653.
2. Kolb H, Martin S. Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes. BMC Med. 2017 Jul 19;15(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0901-x. PMID: 28720102; PMCID: PMC5516328.
3. Davies MJ, D’Alessio DA, Fradkin J, Kernan WN, Mathieu C, Mingrone G, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018. A consensus report by the American diabetes association (ADA) and the European association for the study of diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care 2018 Oct 4. dci180033.
4. Evert AB, Boucher JL, Cypress M, Dunbar SA, Franz MJ, Mayer- Davis EJ, et al. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014 Jan;37(Suppl. 1):S120e43.
5. Sievenpiper JL, Dworatzek PD. Food and dietary pattern-based recommendations: an emerging approach to clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy in diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2013 Feb;37(1):51e7.
6. Nuha A. ElSayed, Grazia Aleppo, Vanita R. Aroda, Raveendhara R. Bannuru, Florence M. Brown, Dennis Bruemmer, Billy S. Collins, Marisa E. Hilliard, Diana Isaacs, Eric L. Johnson, Scott Kahan, Kamlesh Khunti, Jose Leon, Sarah K. Lyons, Mary Lou Perry, Priya Prahalad, Richard E. Pratley, Jane Jeffrie Seley, Robert C. Stanton, Deborah Young-Hyman, Robert A. Gabbay; on behalf of the American Diabetes Association, 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023. Diabetes Care 1 January 2023; 46 (Supplement_1): S68–S96. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-S005
7. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. Management of type 2 diabetes:A handbook for general practice. East Melbourne, Vic: RACGP, 2020.
8. Papamichou D, Panagiotakos DB, Itsiopoulos C. Dietary patterns and management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2019 Jun;29(6):531-543.
9. Mayr HL, Kostjasyn SP, Campbell KL, Palmer M, Hickman IJ. Investigating Whether the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Is Integrated in Routine Dietetic Practice for Management of Chronic Conditions: A National Survey of Dietitians. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 4;12(11):E3395. doi: 10.3390/nu12113395. PMID: 33158299
10. Mayr HL, Kelly JT, Macdonald GA, et al. Clinician perspectives of barriers and enablers to implementing the Mediterranean dietary pattern in routine care for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes: a qualitative interview study. Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1263–1282.
11. Milenkovic, T.; Bozhinovska, N.; Macut, D.; Bjekic-Macut, J.; Rahelic, D.; Velija Asimi, Z.; Burekovic, A. Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Perpetual Inspiration for the ScientificWorld. A Review. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1307.)
12. Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(12A):2274-84.
13. George ES, Kucianski T, Mayr HL, et al. A Mediterranean diet model in Australia: strategies for translating the traditional Mediterranean diet into a multicultural setting. Nutrients. 2018;10(4):465.
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